Computers Have Evolved Since 1968 and Before

Though I'm in a remote part of Iraq now, I've beencalled environmental Chambers and it could get pretty
around computers since 1968. It doesn't seem that longcold in there. The computers needed to function the
ago to me. At that time, I was right out of tech schoolsame way under different conditions.
and then hired by Honeywell, Inc. to work as anThe computer programmers in those days had to put
engineering assistant. I was employed primarily at theirall the data on those cards and it was time consuming.
Brighton, MA plant. Honeywell was constructing largePrograms could take weeks to produce using this
mainframe computers in Framingham and Newton andprocess. Every company had to have several
some other sites too. The new systems such as theprogrammers, key punch operators, decollators'
4200 and 8200 series, which were destined to be theoperators and a host of other staff to complete basic
next big thing, were being built for the business market.operations. It required a whole computer dept. After
Home computers were not even thought about at thattwo years at Honeywell, I was drafted into the army
time. The average person could never afford the highduring the Vietnam era. My overseas duty was spent
price tag in those days anyway.in Okinawa so I was one of the lucky ones. Upon my
The computers then were actually 3rd generationreturn to Honeywell, I went back to working on
computers that filled a large room along with all itscomputers. Two more years there and then I worked
peripheral equipment. Peripherals consisted of all thenine years in downtown Boston for an insurance
accessories needed such as the many floor tapecompany. I had worked as a computer operator on
decks, card readers, myler and paper tape punchersIBM systems and was later promoted to operations
etc. As technicians, we were using some older 2ndmanager upon my graduation from college. Later I was
generation computers to help with debugging andan operations manager in CT on IBM and HP
testing of the memory drawers on the new largermainframes. We used several workstations at
systems. We also used large oscilloscopes andlocations that could communicate with the computer
multi-meters in testing our systems being constructedthere via phone lines.
at the manufacturing plant. The high tech printers, atIt wasn't until the early eighties that personal computers
that time, used Kleinsmith printers. These were one linestarted to appear on the market. First, they appeared
at a time, typewriter style printers. They were veryin businesses and then to a number of homes. My first
slow, as you can imagine.home computer was a Gateway 486 with a very
Programs run on these older computing systems tookslow processor - 33mhz. To get online, I used dial up
time to process the information that we had inputted.service using a slow modem and signed up with AOL
Some input was via card reader, other input by binaryor CompuServe for service. Email was big as was
coding entered on a control panel. Some times, thecomputer game playing in the early days. The graphics
computing time took hours to run and then the outputon line were almost non- existent with most every site
was no good and we'd have to start all over. Testingat that time only text base. Computers broke down
with an oscilloscope was to observe frequencyregularly and it was important to understand DOS.
waves and determine if they were correct for theOther computer systems around then were the IBM
device and the amount of energy produced or applied.PC, the Packard Bell and a few old Commodores. Do
Voltages and resistance measurements wereyou remember the Wang computer? We truly have
determined by use of multimeters and otherevolved now with our fast computers thanks to DSL
instruments. Still other testing was by operating underand cable services and good graphics.
excess heat and cooling temperatures. These were