T1 Bandwidth - Still a Useful Business Voice-Data Platform?

With all the options available now ... e.g. ethernet,their firewall for access and they're up and running
wireless, etc. ... is T1 bandwidth (and all it's flavors) evenprovided their phone system is in place.
a viable choice as a network solution (or part of one)In some "new construction" areas, no Fiber has been
for today's businesses?laid, the Telco isn't tariffed for splitting a T with a PRI,
Though the T1 is a hold over from a technologicalso you're stuck with DSL (unless you want to pay for
universe from a galaxy far away. It is still widely usedmultiple analog lines and a separate T1, running your bill
and ordered by customers big and small. There is anover $1000/month). DSL is fine for bandwidth and
extremely large base of private IP networks that rideoffers many speeds, but a T1 is far more reliable than
on T1 circuits. But if we want to be accurate, weDSL in the vast majority of installs. The DSL will also
should refer to it as DS-1 since what we are reallyrequire more effort to run an internal mail server by
talking about is the telephony network signaling formatgetting a static IP, DNS records, constant blacklisting of
still of use and viable.DSL users, ad nauseum.
In my opinion, the telephony network is grosslyA T-1 carries a significantly higher cost per megabit
under-estimated and understood by most networkthen other cheaper mediums. With the extra cost
engineers. We do and will for a long time continue tocomes some specific benefits though. A T-1 carries an
build logical networks on the back of the physicaluptime guarantee. What this means is your circuit is
telephony network. Large carriers have gradually builtmonitored 24/7 for problems, and most carriers
large packet data networks in parallel to the PSTN, butguarantee your internet or point to point will be up and
those networks still depend on the telephony networkfunctional %99.99 of the time. This is important if for
infrastructure for access.example your company hosts it's own email server,
The key issue is what other high speed services areand email delivery is mission critical.
available, and at what cost. Significantly higher speedIn addition, a T-1 comes with "Quality of Service"(QOS).
services may actually cost less than a T-1. With theIn a nutshell, QOS makes sure everything you send out
advent of Pseudowire technology, you can use agets processed in the same order it is sent out. This is
packet based service and still derive TDM interfacesattractive for companies who use Voice over Internet
such as T-1, T-3, etc., with all of the timing, functionalityProtocol(VOIP) or companies who have a VOIP/PRI
and QoS of traditional carrier services. The fact thatphone system. It makes sure your voice data comes
many of these new services are packet based (IP,across smooth and minimizes the delay between
Ethernet, MPLS) means that you can keep yourwhen you speak and when the other party hears you.
existing PBX or other equipment that needs a T-1DSL is usually a cheaper solution, and usually provides
circuit, and transition to VoIP or other packet basedhigher bandwidth-per-circuit for smaller enterprises.
applications later. Having done that, you still haveHowever, beyond the lack of reliable SLAs, DSL
significant bandwidth left over for internet access,circuits also lack the troubleshooting and more definitive
video, VoIP, etc.fault identification systems that are integrated into T1
From the Network Service Provider (NSP)circuits and their associated hardware.
perspective, they would love to transport their TDMIn short, for applications that require resiliency, T1s
customer's traffic over their higher speed IP-MPLSremain a safe bet on their own, or combined into
backbone networks. Many of these NSPs continue tomultilink circuits.
run the older TDM (ATM-SONET, Frame Relay, etc.)If your company just needs access the internet, and
networks since their customers do not want tonone of the above scenarios apply to you, chances
change. That said, they could provision the sameare business DSL is going to be a cheaper, faster
services by using modern gateway products, and getoption for your company.
the advantage of supporting the customers with aALWAYS keep this in mind too ..... your WAN or
simpler Layer 2 network.Internet connection should be determined by your
Remember that a T1/DS1 is just a pipe. If its configuredneeds, and not by an arbitrary opinion that T1 is old
for B8ZS it runs at 1.54 Mb before overhead, with AMItechnology or a personal preference for an alternative.
its 1.34 - you lose bandwidth due to framing andUntil you or your company answers several questions
protocol overhead. Its 24 DS0's running at either 64 orabout your intended usage, it doesn't make much
56 kb.sense to say what's viable among the various options
You can run any type of traffic over it, ATM. MPLS.available. Networking is not a "one size fits all" world.
HDLC. Frame Relay, Voice (you usually add echoAll in all though, T1s are here to stay for awhile at least
can's to B8ZS with voice), VoIP ...for small business use. T1 users aren't shrinking in
Whether its viable depends on what you need, whatnumbers, but the T1s installed are simply capturing a
type of local loop or entrance facilities are available atsmaller market percentage because of the number of
the site you are supporting, how many ends you arebusinesses overall who need connectivity and the
buying, whether you use local or national providers,availability of Fiber/Cable/Whatnot.
reliability, business applications (e.g. load fromThe bottom line is that T1s are definitely a viable option
multi-media, conferencing, etc.), and a few otherfor some. With the equipment already in place in most
considerations ....networks the deployment costs are pretty much
A T1 is still a viable option for the small business. Thenon-existent. If the equipment is not in place it would
Telco can put a PRI in place and control/split theprobably be cost-effective to roll out newer
channels, leaving enough room for a meg of data andtechnology such as Ethernet or FTTP (fibre to the
enough phone lines for the business to operate.premise).
Most Telco providers will waive the install charge andAgain, T1 bandwidth is definitely here to stay. Why?
give you a deal on any equipment they need to installBecause the T1 will always fit someone's business
in order to get your data working. At this point, themodel.
Small Business has to find a local tech to configure