The Consumer's Quick Guide to VoIP

The number of ways in which we communicate withEquipment Considerations
each other by telephone has expanded over the lastBecause Voice over Internet Protocol accesses IP
decade. Cell phones and other wireless devices havenetworks, you'll need to have an internet connection in
passed the tipping point as society has adopted themorder to use it. For some types of calls, a broadband
into popular culture. Another technology called Voiceconnection such as DSL or cable might be required.
over Internet Protocol delivers signals through IPThe other equipment you'll need is partly dependent
networks. In 2004, the voice over IP industry surged asupon the provider. Besides the originating device (which
phone calls were delivered over broadband internetcan be a regular telephone, VoIP phone, or computer),
connections (for example, DSL). Since then, manyyou'll likely need a router, especially if you're using a
people have begun using the technology withoutDSL line. If you intend to make and receive calls on
understanding the underlying infrastructure.your computer, plan to buy either a headset or
In this article, we'll provide a brief explanation regardinghandset.
how VoIP works. We'll describe how the signal travelsWhat About 911 Service?
from one end of a telephone connection to the other.Here's the sticking point for a lot of consumers: you're
We'll also take a look at the equipment you'll need inonly guaranteed access to the traditional 911
order to use the technology, and an interesting sideemergency service with a landline connection. This is
note regarding 911 emergency service.why many people, even those who prefer voice over
Basics Of How The Technology WorksIP, keep their landlines. Having said that, some VoIP
At its simplest, when you make a call, the signal isproviders can connect you to 911, but it's far more
turned into digital form before being sent over thecommon for them to use a VoIP E911 feature. In fact,
internet to the recipient. If the person you're calling hasall Voice over Internet Protocol providers that connect
a traditional phone, the digital signal is converted backtheir customers through the public switched telephone
into analog when it reaches its destination.network (PSTN) are required to make that emergency
The call can be made with a VoIP phone, from yoursystem available for them.
computer, or with a traditional phone that connectsWhile there are a few advantages to using VoIP (i.e.,
through an analog telephone adapter (ATA) to a jack.lower-cost international calls, phone number
In the event that you're using a regular telephone, thetransportability, etc.), there are also drawbacks. For
signal would travel through the ATA into a DSL (orexample, the voice quality and signal dependability can
cable) modem. From there, it would travel through thevary. If you're planning to invest in the technology,
IP network before reaching the person you're calling.consider keeping your landline connection.